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NEW QUESTION # 51
A Generative AI Engineer has created a RAG application which can help employees retrieve answers from an internal knowledge base, such as Confluence pages or Google Drive. The prototype application is now working with some positive feedback from internal company testers. Now the Generative Al Engineer wants to formally evaluate the system's performance and understand where to focus their efforts to further improve the system.
How should the Generative AI Engineer evaluate the system?
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Problem Context: After receiving positive feedback for the RAG application prototype, the next step is to formally evaluate the system to pinpoint areas for improvement.
* Explanation of Options:
* Option A: While cosine similarity scores are useful, they primarily measure similarity rather than the overall performance of an RAG system.
* Option B: This option provides a systematic approach to evaluation by testing both retrieval and generation components separately. This allows for targeted improvements and a clear understanding of each component's performance, using MLflow's metrics for a structured and standardized assessment.
* Option C: Benchmarking multiple LLMs does not focus on evaluating the existing system's components but rather on comparing different models.
* Option D: Using an LLM as a judge is subjective and less reliable for systematic performance evaluation.
OptionBis the most comprehensive and structured approach, facilitating precise evaluations and improvements on specific components of the RAG system.
NEW QUESTION # 52
A Generative AI Engineer is building a Generative AI system that suggests the best matched employee team member to newly scoped projects. The team member is selected from a very large team. Thematch should be based upon project date availability and how well their employee profile matches the project scope. Both the employee profile and project scope are unstructured text.
How should the Generative Al Engineer architect their system?
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Problem Context: The problem involves matching team members to new projects based on two main factors:
* Availability: Ensure the team members are available during the project dates.
* Profile-Project Match: Use the employee profiles (unstructured text) to find the best match for a project's scope (also unstructured text).
The two main inputs are theemployee profilesandproject scopes, both of which are unstructured. This means traditional rule-based systems (e.g., simple keyword matching) would be inefficient, especially when working with large datasets.
* Explanation of Options: Let's break down the provided options to understand why D is the most optimal answer.
* Option Asuggests embedding project scopes into a vector store and then performing retrieval using team member profiles. While embedding project scopes into a vector store is a valid technique, it skips an important detail: the focus should primarily be on embedding employee profiles because we're matching the profiles to a new project, not the other way around.
* Option Binvolves using a large language model (LLM) to extract keywords from the project scope and perform keyword matching on employee profiles. While LLMs can help with keyword extraction, this approach is too simplistic and doesn't leverage advanced retrieval techniques like vector embeddings, which can handle the nuanced and rich semantics of unstructured data. This approach may miss out on subtle but important similarities.
* Option Csuggests calculating a similarity score between each team member's profile and project scope. While this is a good idea, it doesn't specify how to handle the unstructured nature of data efficiently. Iterating through each member's profile individually could be computationally expensive in large teams. It also lacks the mention of using a vector store or an efficient retrieval mechanism.
* Option Dis the correct approach. Here's why:
* Embedding team profiles into a vector store: Using a vector store allows for efficient similarity searches on unstructured data. Embedding the team member profiles into vectors captures their semantics in a way that is far more flexible than keyword-based matching.
* Using project scope for retrieval: Instead of matching keywords, this approach suggests using vector embeddings and similarity search algorithms (e.g., cosine similarity) to find the team members whose profiles most closely align with the project scope.
* Filtering based on availability: Once the best-matched candidates are retrieved based on profile similarity, filtering them by availability ensures that the system provides a practically useful result.
This method efficiently handles large-scale datasets by leveragingvector embeddingsandsimilarity search techniques, both of which are fundamental tools inGenerative AI engineeringfor handling unstructured text.
* Technical References:
* Vector embeddings: In this approach, the unstructured text (employee profiles and project scopes) is converted into high-dimensional vectors using pretrained models (e.g., BERT, Sentence-BERT, or custom embeddings). These embeddings capture the semantic meaning of the text, making it easier to perform similarity-based retrieval.
* Vector stores: Solutions likeFAISSorMilvusallow storing and retrieving large numbers of vector embeddings quickly. This is critical when working with large teams where querying through individual profiles sequentially would be inefficient.
* LLM Integration: Large language models can assist in generating embeddings for both employee profiles and project scopes. They can also assist in fine-tuning similarity measures, ensuring that the retrieval system captures the nuances of the text data.
* Filtering: After retrieving the most similar profiles based on the project scope, filtering based on availability ensures that only team members who are free for the project are considered.
This system is scalable, efficient, and makes use of the latest techniques inGenerative AI, such as vector embeddings and semantic search.
NEW QUESTION # 53
A Generative AI Engineer is building a RAG application that will rely on context retrieved from source documents that are currently in PDF format. These PDFs can contain both text and images. They want to develop a solution using the least amount of lines of code.
Which Python package should be used to extract the text from the source documents?
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Problem Context: The engineer needs to extract text from PDF documents, which may contain both text and images. The goal is to find a Python package that simplifies this task using the least amount of code.
* Explanation of Options:
* Option A: flask: Flask is a web framework for Python, not suitable for processing or extracting content from PDFs.
* Option B: beautifulsoup: Beautiful Soup is designed for parsing HTML and XML documents, not PDFs.
* Option C: unstructured: This Python package is specifically designed to work with unstructured data, including extracting text from PDFs. It provides functionalities to handle various types of content in documents with minimal coding, making it ideal for the task.
* Option D: numpy: Numpy is a powerful library for numerical computing in Python and does not provide any tools for text extraction from PDFs.
Given the requirement,Option C(unstructured) is the most appropriate as it directly addresses the need to efficiently extract text from PDF documents with minimal code.
NEW QUESTION # 54
A Generative Al Engineer is tasked with improving the RAG quality by addressing its inflammatory outputs.
Which action would be most effective in mitigating the problem of offensive text outputs?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Addressing offensive or inflammatory outputs in a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system is critical for improving user experience and ensuring ethical AI deployment. Here's whyDis the most effective approach:
* Manual data curation: The root cause of offensive outputs often comes from the underlying data used to train the model or populate the retrieval system. By manually curating the upstream data and conducting thorough reviews before the data is fed into the RAG system, the engineer can filter out harmful, offensive, or inappropriate content.
* Improving data quality: Curating data ensures the system retrieves and generates responses from a high-quality, well-vetted dataset. This directly impacts the relevance and appropriateness of the outputs from the RAG system, preventing inflammatory content from being included in responses.
* Effectiveness: This strategy directly tackles the problem at its source (the data) rather than just mitigating the consequences (such as informing users or restricting access). It ensures that the system consistently provides non-offensive, relevant information.
Other options, such as increasing the frequency of data updates or informing users about behavior expectations, may not directly mitigate the generation of inflammatory outputs.
NEW QUESTION # 55
A Generative Al Engineer is deciding between using LSH (Locality Sensitive Hashing) and HNSW (Hierarchical Navigable Small World) for indexing their vector database Their top priority is semantic accuracy Which approach should the Generative Al Engineer use to evaluate these two techniques?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The task is to choose between LSH and HNSW for a vector database index, prioritizing semantic accuracy.
The evaluation must assess how well each method retrieves semantically relevant results. Let's evaluate the options.
* Option A: Compare the cosine similarities of the embeddings of returned results against those of a representative sample of test inputs
* Cosine similarity measures semantic closeness between vectors, directly assessing retrieval accuracy in a vector database. Comparing returned results' embeddings to test inputs' embeddings evaluates how well LSH or HNSW preserves semantic relationships, aligning with the priority.
* Databricks Reference:"Cosine similarity is a standard metric for evaluating vector search accuracy"("Databricks Vector Search Documentation," 2023).
* Option B: Compare the Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) scores of returned results for a representative sample of test inputs
* BLEU evaluates text generation (e.g., translations), not vector retrieval accuracy. It's irrelevant for indexing performance.
* Databricks Reference:"BLEU applies to generative tasks, not retrieval"("Generative AI Cookbook").
* Option C: Compare the Recall-Oriented-Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) scores of returned results for a representative sample of test inputs
* ROUGE is for summarization evaluation, not vector search. It doesn't measure semantic accuracy in retrieval.
* Databricks Reference:"ROUGE is unsuited for vector database evaluation"("Building LLM Applications with Databricks").
* Option D: Compare the Levenshtein distances of returned results against a representative sample of test inputs
* Levenshtein distance measures string edit distance, not semantic similarity in embeddings. It's inappropriate for vector-based retrieval.
* Databricks Reference: No specific support for Levenshtein in vector search contexts.
Conclusion: Option A (cosine similarity) is the correct approach, directly evaluating semantic accuracy in vector retrieval, as recommended by Databricks for Vector Search assessments.
NEW QUESTION # 56
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